Some investigation on infectious bovine rhinotracheitis [IBR] infection in friesian calves

Respiratory distress was shown to be problem in 1200 friesian calves belonging to military farm, El-Tall El-Kabeer. Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. The problem began two weeks after importation and transportation of calves from western Nobaria to El-Tall El-Kabeer farm. The clinical signs observed were fever, dyspnea, nasal and ocular discharge, conjunctivitis, corneal opacity and occasionally coughing. Some complicated cases were emergency slaughtered or died. The signs were more serious in young calves [6-10 months] than in older calves [11-15 months]. The .morbidity rate was 77.16% while, the mortality rate 6.59%. Nasal and ocular swabs were taken for virological and bacteriological examinations. Also paired serum samples were collected from diseased calves for serum neutralization test [SNT]. Bovine herpesvirus type 1[BHV-1] was isolated on MDBK cell line and confirmed by virus neutralization test [VNT]. SNT revealed high titer which reached up to 1/320. In complicated cases Pasteurella haemolytica was isolated Transportation, overcrowding, and bad weather were considered to be predisposing factors for the disease. Injection of Enrofloxcin 10% [cidotryl-cid, Egypt, 1ml/40Kg. B W.] and tonics were given to minimize the course of the disease and secondary bacterial complication

Diarrhoea in wild ruminant due tocorona viruses infection

Faecal samples were collected from 135 diseased and apparently healthy wild ruminant of different species, age and sex allocated at Giza and El Mansoura zoo gardens, Egypt. Out of these animals 18 suffering from persisting diarrhoea with or without bloody faeces and 117 apparently healthy animals. Virological, and parasitological examinations were carried out on faecal samples. Parasitological examination revealed Cryptosporidae in 3 Gazzale, Coccidia spp. in 2 Oryax and gastrointestinal nematode [G.I.N.] in S Arawi sheep. Virological examinations by, haemagglutination test [HA], haemagglutination inhibition test [HI] and virus neutrilization test [VNT] revealed that coronaviruses were observed in 10 [55.5%] samples from diseased animals and in 9 [7.69%] samples from apparently healthy animals. HA titre reached to 1/16 and coronaviruses were agglutinated by antiserum of bovine coronaviruses. The isolated virus on MDBK cell culture was confirmed by VNT. These results revealed the existence of coronaviruses in wild ruminants. Antihelminthic drugs, antibiotic symptomatically and electrolyte were used in the treatment of diseased cases. Results of the present study indicate that bovine coronaviruses present in wild animals and suggested that these species may harbor coronaviruses strains which can be transmitted to other animals